Retraction Note to: Surgical management of intractable spasticity

Surgical management of spasticity

753 August 2016, Vol. 106, No. 8 Spasticity is defined as an increase in muscle tone that is elicited by a velocity-dependent stretching of the muscles. It is part of the upper motor neuron syndrome of muscle weakness and is worst in antigravity muscles.[1,2] The most common causes of spasticity are: • cerebral palsy (spasticity is a dominant feature in 80% of all patients with cerebral palsy)[...

retraction note

Retraction Note

Kowsar Publishing Company Legal Department in accordance with ethics committee of Ahvaz Jundishapur University ofMedical Sciences (on behalf of editorial board of Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology – JJM) and ethics committee of Iranian Hospital in Dubai (on behalf of editorial board of Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal – IRCMJ) investigated several cases of authorship manipulations and ill...

Retraction Note

Global Health Action 2016. # 2016 Giulia Ferrari et al. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially,...

Retraction note

The following article has been retracted by the authors due to irregularities they had found regarding compliance with study procedures and data management. Data files comprising details of participants that were not de-identified were sent between study sites. At the Zurich study site, research sessions and interpreter costs were partly charged to the insurance companies and the hospital rathe...